Tugas reding

 Nama : Muhammad Usman

Nim : 218820300114

Prodi : Bahasa Inggris (semester 1)

RESUME ADVERB & CONJUNTION 

- ADVERB CLAUSE

An adverb is a word that changes or qualifies the meaning of a verb, adjective, other adverb, clause, sentence or any other word or phrase, except that it does not include the adjectives and determiners that directly modify nouns. Adverbs are traditionally regarded as one of the parts of speech, although the wide variety of the functions performed by words classed as adverbs means that it is hard to treat them as a single uniform category.

Adverbs typically answer questions such as how?, in what way?, when?, where?, and to what extent?. This function is called the adverbial function, and is realized not just by single words but by adverbial phrases and adverbial clauses.

Adverbs are words that modify:

a verb (He drove slowly. — How did he drive?)

an adjective (He drove a very fast car. — How fast was his car?)

another adverb (She moved quite slowly down the aisle. — How slowly did she move?)

~KIND OF ADVERB~

• Adv. Degree

Adverbs of Degree tell us the degree or extent to which something happens. They answer the question “how much?” or “to what degree?”. Adverbs of Degree can modify verbs, adjectives and other adverbs.

– She entirely agrees with him. (How much does she agree with him?)

– Mary is very beautiful. (To what degree is Mary beautiful? How beautiful is Mary?)

– He drove quite dangerously. (To what degree did he drive dangerously? How dangerously did he drive?)

• Adv. Manner

Adverbs of Manner tell us the manner or way in which something happens. They answer the question “how?”. Adverbs of Manner mainly modify verbs.

– He speaks slowly. (How does he speak?)

– They helped us cheerfully. (How did they help us?)

– James Bond drives his cars fast. (How does James Bond drive his cars?)

• Adv. Places

Adverbs of Place tell us the place where something happens. They answer the question “where?”. Adverbs of Place mainly modify verbs.

– Please sit here. (Where should I sit?)

– They looked everywhere. (Where did they look?)

– Two cars were parked outside. (Where were two cars parked?)

• Adv. Time

Adverbs of Time tell us something about the time that something happens. Adverbs of Time mainly modify verbs.

They can answer the question “when?”:

– He came yesterday. (When did he come?)

– I want it now. (When do I want it?)

Or they can answer the question “how often?”:

– They deliver the newspaper daily. (How often do they deliver the newspaper?)

– We sometimes watch a movie. (How often do we watch a movie?)

• Adv. Frequency

These adverbs answer the question ‘how often’. Examples are: again, frequently, always, seldom, hardly, often, once etc.

– You are always welcome.

– I have gone there only once.

– We visit them frequently.

– I often go there.

- CONJUNCTION

• Conjunction (Kata penghubung) Conjunctions are words that are used to connect equivalent language units (words with words, phrases with phrases, clauses with clauses, sentences with sentences, and so on). The use of conjunctions can be exemplified by the sentences below.

        You and I are on the same boat. And connects the word (you) with the word (I) or the subject with the subject. Is that your father or your uncle? Or connecting phrases (your father) and phrases (your uncle) or subjective complement and subjective complement. We went home after the rain stopped. After connecting clause (we went home) and clause (the rain stopped) or main clause and sub clause. He is smart but he is arrogant. But connects the sentence (he is smart) and the sentence (he is arrogant). 

         Types and Examples of Conjunctions: Compound conjunctions are conjunctions that connect things that are equivalent, for example subject to subject, verb to verb, object to object, adverb to adverb, adjective to adjective, etc. Compound conjunctions are divided into 2, including: 

‌Coordinate Conjunction Member: 

F – A – N – B – O – Y – S

 Information: 

‌For (because) and (and) Nor (not really) But (but) Or (or) Yet So (so) She was absent yesterday, for she was sick. Mr. Wilson invited me and him. He can not see nor hear. The shoes are old but comfortable. Is Sam sleeping or going somewhere? She didn't study, yet she passed the exam. He was tired, so he went to bed. Notes: 

a) FANBOYS is always in the middle of a sentence or between two sentences. It is not permissible to put them at the beginning of a sentence. 

CORRECT      :  The child hid behind his mother’s skirt, for he was afraid of the dog. INCORRECT : For he was afraid of the dog, the child hid behind his mother's skirt. However, other conjunctions can be used to replace them at the beginning of a sentence. Example: Because he was afraid of the dog, the child hid behind his mother's skirt.

 b) Conjuction for, yet, and so always connect sentences and a comma always precedes them. 

c‌) And, when connecting two sentences, have the following punctuation: It was raining hard, and there was a strong wind. Generally, conjunctions begin with a comma when connecting two sentences. It was raining hard and there was a strong wind. If the sentences connected are short sentences, the comma can be omitted. It was raining hard. And there was a strong wind. In informal writing, and can start a new sentence.

A. Correlative Conjunction Correlative conjunctions consist of paired conjunctions * Plural and singular are determined from the last subject. Example: Both the driver and the passager

B. Complex Conjunctions A complex conjunction is a conjunction that connects the main clause (main clause) and the subordinate clause (sub clause). The meeting of these two types of clauses will form a sentence. The members of complex conjunctions include conjunctions other than compound conjunctions, such as: when, while, which, what, when, where, that, after, before, till, until, because, although, if, etc.